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Payer just signs
The payer signs an off-chain authorization (EIP-3009). No transaction, no gas — perfect for autonomous agents paying per request (x402).
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Facilitator settles
Any relayer submits the signed authorization on-chain; replay + expiry are enforced by the token. The payer's wallet never broadcasts.
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Agent caps
The facilitator can enforce per-agent limits (per-payment max, total budget, expiry) so an autonomous agent transacts within bounds.